10％多·三环悬浮种衣剂的高效液相色谱分析

本文叙述的是采用反相高效液相色谱法即以甲醇+水+氨水为流动相,C8柱和紫外检测器同柱分离测定多菌灵和三环唑,结果表明三环唑和多菌灵的标准偏差分别为0.19和0.087,变异系数分别为0.87%和0.54%,平均回收率分别为99.6%和100.8%,线性关系分别为0.9994和0.9992。     

油罐内浮盘密封失效原因与预防措施

针对油罐内浮盘密封失效问题逐渐凸显的现状,分析了内浮盘静、动密封与油气空间的关系,总结了油罐内浮盘密封失效的主要表现,静密封失效包括:内浮盘盖板搭接面间出现缝隙孔洞,密封胶囊或舌形密封带与内浮盘外边缘间的挟紧部位出现缝隙,防旋导管与内浮盘盖板间不密封,浮盘自动通气孔、人孔与盖板间不密封;动密封失效包括:密封胶囊或舌形密封带与罐内壁间密封性能差,量油导管与量油导管护筒盖间的密封性能差,浮盘人孔盖与人孔座间的密封性能差,防旋转钢丝绳松紧度不满足浮盘安全运行要求。基于设计、施工、使用、检修4个环节分析归纳了内浮盘密封失效的原因,提出了优化设计、控制施工质量、控制内浮盘制造安装质量、内浮盘定期检测与管理、规范检修作业等预防措施。     

8个樱花品种播种育苗技术研究

本文介绍了8个樱花品种的种子从储藏、催芽、播种到苗期管理的试验全过程,总结出一种简便易操作的樱花播种育苗技术,可供生产设施比较简陋的地方借鉴和参考。     

Effectiveness of Combined Use of Mineral Oil and Insecticide Spray in Reducing <Emphasis Type="Italic">Potato Virus Y</Emphasis> (PVY) Spread under Field Conditions in New Brunswick,Canada

In the 2014 and 2015 crop seasons, the efficacies of different types, rates and combinations of mineral oil and insecticide foliar sprays for reducing Potato virus Y (PVY) spread were tested in controlled field trials in New Brunswick (NB), Canada. Experimental plots were planted with certified PVY-free Goldrush, supplemented with known virus-infected seed to raise PVY inoculum to 2.3% and 3% at the beginning of the 2014 and 2015 seasons, respectively. Treatments consisted of mineral oil-only sprays at different application rates, insecticide-only sprays of differing numbers, and several combined mineral oil and insecticide spray regimes, all compared to a no-spray control treatment. PVY spread to 18% (2014) and 22% (2015) of initially virus-free plants in no-spray control plots, with significant reductions observed in PVY spread in several treatments. Greatest PVY reductions, as low as 4% (2014) and 12% (2015), were in combined mineral oil and insecticide spray treatments, followed by oil-only sprays; while insecticide-only sprays did not significantly reduce PVY spread. As well as measuring PVY spread to marked test plants and randomly collected post-harvest tuber sample from the plots, exhibited similar treatment pattern for PVY incidence. Multiple logistic regression modeling confirmed the relative efficacy of combined oil and insecticide sprays for reducing PVY spread, while accounting for variable inoculum and aphid factors. Modeling also highlighted the importance of planting low-PVY seed initially, and of early application of foliar sprays. Local best management practice recommendations for reduction of in-field PVY spread were discussed.     

24份枸杞种质资源SSR遗传多样性分析

枸杞是药食同源的植物,具有重要的药用价值和经济价值,枸杞遗传背景复杂,对其种质资源遗传变异和种质资源的遗传背的研究还不充分。本研究对24个枸杞种质资源采用SSR分子标记进行了遗传多样性。在17对SSR引物上共检测到96个条带,其中有59条多态性条带,多态性条带比率为61.5%。每个SSR位点的PIC值为0.37~0.60,平均值为0.45。NTSYS类平均法聚类结果显示,24份枸杞供试品种遗传相似性系数介于0.263?0.954之间,在相似系数0.56处被分为9大类群。这将为进一步开展枸杞种质资源评价、新品种选育和合理利用提供科学院依据。     

Field Evaluation of Cocksfoot,Tall Fescue and Phalaris for Dry Marginal Environments of South‐Eastern Australia. 1. Establishment and Herbage Production

Newly developed candidate cultivars of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.), phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. = syn. L. arundinaceum (Schreb) Darbysh.) were evaluated over four years for persistence and productivity against current commercial cultivars in small plots at five locations selected for lower and less reliable rainfall and difficult soils (low pH and high Al) in south‐eastern Australia known to be marginally too dry for these grass species. The five locations were ‐ representing summer dominant rainfall, Inverell, in northern New South Wales (NSW); ‐ representing uniform rainfall; Trungley Hall, (medium rainfall), and Beckom (lower rainfall) both in southern NSW; and; representing a winter dominant pattern ‐ Eversley, (higher rainfall), and Bealiba, (lower rainfall), in central Victoria. The objective was to determine if the new candidate cultivars were more likely to persist and to be productive than current commercial cultivars. The study showed that most phalaris and cocksfoot treatments were highly productive in high rainfall years at one or both sites in southern NSW. However, all treatments had become much less productive by the end of the experimental period due to plant loss under hot, dry conditions in the final summer. At Bealiba in central Victoria, cocksfoot was the most productive species with several cocksfoot treatments of both subsp. hispanica and subsp. glomerata still present at the final harvest despite a hot and dry final summer‐autumn. Tall fescue was the most productive species in the two higher rainfall environments (Inverell, Eversley) although most treatments of all species performed well at those sites. Continental tall fescues were more productive on average than Mediterranean tall fescues at the strongly acidic Eversley site. As a result of this work, two of the new cocksfoot candidates (Moroccan Fine and AVH48 Selection) and one of the tall fescue candidates (Summer Active 1) have been licensed for commercial development and release.     

政治文化视野下美国智库的发展和运行

智库在美国的繁荣,离不开美国以参与型政治文化为主导的特定社会环境,二者通过价值取向的趋同实现协同发展。美国政治文化为智库的发展提供文化土壤和精神动力,智库从政策研究型机构到政策推销型机构的转变历程,本质上是以组织机构和实践模式对参与型政治文化做出的响应。研究政治文化与智库间的相互建构和协同发展,可以为我国建设中国特色新型智库提供有益经验。     

Variation of Color and Ray Pattern in Juvenile Shells in Hatchery‐produced Freshwater Triangle Pearl Mussels,Hyriopsis cumingii,in China

The variation and inheritance of juvenile shell color and pigmentation pattern in the freshwater mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii, were reported in 1‐yr‐old progeny of eight families. There were three distinctive phenotypes of shell color and pigmentation patterns observed, including a greenish‐brown shell with radial rays, yellowish‐brown shell with radial rays, and yellowish‐brown shell without radial rays. There were no greenish‐brown individuals without radial rays. The shell color phenotypes showed variation with the growth in juvenile Stage I (1–3 cm in shell length), and the percentage of individuals with radial rays increased once they reached a shell length of 11 mm and then stabilized after reaching 20 mm in shell length. Shell color differentiation became more apparent at a shell length of 26 mm. Results of chi‐square tests of the segregation ratio of shell color or ray phenotypes obtained from eight families at juvenile Stage II (6–9 cm in shell length) suggested that greenish‐brown is controlled by a dominant allele (G) and yellowish‐brown‐shell phenotype is by a recessive allele (y); the ray pattern phenotype is controlled by a recessive (r) and a dominant allele (R) at a single locus. Shell color phenotypes may be a useful genetic marker for future selective breeding of triangle pearl mussels.     

耕深电子测量和显示装置的设计与试验研究

提出了一种基于角度传感器自动测量农机具耕深的方法。以悬挂机构位置和提升臂转角的几何对应关系为基础,通过检测提升臂的转角变化,推导出耕深值与测量电压值之间的线性关系并换算得到实际耕深。相对于其他耕深检测方式,该方法具有集成度高、封装小、安装和维护方便的特点。安装在驾驶室里的显示模块可为使用者提供实时数据,有利于使用者及时调整耕深,以保证拖拉机翻耕的质量。